Intercell USA (formerly Iomai) is developing needle-free alternatives to boost your immune system using a transcutaneous method, which delivers vaccines to cells found on the outer layers of the skin. It has a handful of product candidates in development, all in patch form, aimed at preventing seasonal flu and travelers' diarrhea (caused by E. coli, for instance). One of its patches is being funded under a contract from the US Department of Health and Human Services to aid in the treatment of pandemic flu. In 2008 the company was acquired by Austria-based vaccine maker Intercell AG.

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. company was founded in 2002 and is headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company developing therapeutics based on ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi). RNAi is a naturally occurring biological pathway within cells for selectively silencing and regulating the expression of specific genes. Its lead RNAi therapeutic program, ALN-RSV01, is in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), infection. In February 2008, it reported positive results from its Phase II experimental RSV infection clinical trial, referred to as the GEMINI study. In April 2008, it initiated a second Phase II human clinical trial, which is, as of December 31, 2008, ongoing, to assess the safety and tolerability of aerosolized ALN-RSV01 versus placebo in adult lung transplant patients naturally infected with RSV. As of December 31, 2008, it formed collaborations with Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., for the development and commercialization of products for RSV.

Bayhill Therapeutics knows that some immune responses are just way out of line. The biopharmaceutical developer is designing vaccines to eliminate problematic immune responses and restore the immune system to its normal state, known as "tolerance." Its product candidate BHT-3009 is being studied in clinical trials as a treatment for multiple sclerosis while its other leading candidate BHT-3021 is in clinical trials for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The company's pre-clinical candidate, BHT-3034 is being developed as a treatment for myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disease that causes interruption in the transmission of nerve impulses to muscles.

Akorn, Inc. was founded in 1971 and is headquartered in Lake Forest, Illinois. Akorn, Inc. manufactures and markets diagnostic and therapeutic pharmaceuticals in the areas of ophthalmology, rheumatology, anesthesia, and antidotes in the United States. The company's Ophthalmic Segment markets diagnostic products, including mydriatics and cycloplegics, anesthetics, topical stains, gonioscopic solutions, and angiography dyes, which are used in the office setting. It also sells therapeutic products, such as antibiotics, anti-infectives, steroids, steroid combinations, glaucoma medications, decongestants/antihistamines, and anti-edema medications to wholesalers and other national account customers. In addition, this segment offers non-pharmaceutical products, including various artificial tear solutions, preservative-free lubricating ointments, eyelid cleansers, vitamin supplements, and contact lens accessories. The company's Hospital Drugs and Injectables Segment markets specialty injectable pharmaceutical products, including antidotes and anesthesia, as well as products used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and pain management. It markets products to hospitals through wholesalers and other national account customers, as well as directly to medical specialists. The company's Biologics and Vaccines Segment markets adult Tetanus-Diphtheria vaccines directly to hospitals and physicians, as well as through wholesalers and national distributors. Its Contract Services Segment manufactures products for third party pharmaceutical and biotechnology customers. The company also markets and distributes vaccines purchased from outside sources. Its customers include physicians, optometrists, hospitals, wholesalers, group purchasing organizations, and other pharmaceutical companies.

Orchid Cellmark Inc. was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Princeton, New Jersey. Orchid Cellmark Inc. operates as an international provider of identity DNA testing services for the forensic, immigration, and family relationships markets. The company has laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom; and offers its services to police forces and other government entities. It also provides non-DNA forensic laboratory services. The company's forensic DNA testing is primarily used to confirm that a suspect committed a particular crime, to exonerate an innocent person, or to establish or maintain databases of individuals convicted of crimes; and family relationship DNA testing is used to establish whether two or more people are genetically related. Its DNA testing is used by individuals and employers in security applications to establish or store a person's genetic profile for identification purposes in the event of an emergency or accident. The company was formerly known as Orchid Biosciences Inc. and changed its name to Orchid Cellmark Inc. in June 2005.

Merck was founded in 1668 as a pharmacy and is the oldest pharmaceutical business in the world. The Merck family owns about 70% of the company. Merck is leaving its mark on the global pharmaceutical market. Through a network of nearly 200 companies in over 60 countries, the Merck develops, makes, and sells pharmaceutical and chemical products for global consumption. Name-brand prescription drugs include treatments for cardiovascular disease, cancers, infertility, and neurological disorders; the company also makes over-the-counter pharmaceuticals. Aside from drugs, the firm makes specialty chemicals, including laboratory reagents and cosmetic ingredients, as well as liquid crystals for televisions.

Carma Laboratories, Inc. company was founded by Alfred Woelbing, who developed the formula for Carmex in 1937 as a treatment for his own cold sores. Carma Laboratories wants to make it easier for you to smile and sit. The family-owned-and-operated company is most famous for its retro yellow-lidded vials of Carmex lip balm. The company also makes Am-Ren, a zinc-oxide based diaper rash ointment, and LANEX hemorrhoid ointment to soothe cracked and painful tissues elsewhere. Once sold mostly in the Midwest and the ski areas of the Rockies, Carmex soothes lips in all 50 states, Canada, Australia, and Europe.

Launched in 1982 with a single product, Pharmadass (through subsidiary HealthAid) sells more than 450 products: vitamins and minerals, beauty care items, weight-loss formulas, and aromatherapy oils. It also sells anti-smoking products, herbal cigarettes, anti-snoring spray, and such supplements as fish oils and bee products. Specialty lines focus on such areas as mood enhancement, women's health, the immune system, and vitality. Pharmadass products are found in about 4,000 pharmacies and health food stores in the UK and in 30 countries worldwide.

Shionogi Pharma, Inc. company was founded in 1992 and is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. Sciele Pharma Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Shionogi & Co. Ltd. Sciele Pharma Inc., a pharmaceutical company, engages in acquiring, developing, marketing, and selling prescription products for patients primarily in the United States. It offers oral suspensions, tablets, and capsules, as well as products prescribed by the primary care physicians. The company provides cardiovascular and diabetes products that treat patients with high cholesterol, hypertension, high triglycerides, unstable angina, and Type 2 diabetes; pediatrics products, which treat allergies, asthma, cough and cold, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders; and products for the health and well-being of women, as well as for mothers and their babies. It develops glycopyrrolate oral solution, a treatment for chronic, moderate-to-severe drooling in pediatric patients.

CSL Limited is a biopharmaceutical company engaged in the research, development, manufacture, marketing and distribution of biopharmaceutical and allied products. It operates in three segments: CSL Behring, which is engaged in manufacturing, marketing and developing plasma products; Intellectual Property Licensing, which is engaged in licensing to unrelated third parties of intellectual property generated by the Company, and Other Human Health, which comprises CSL Bioplasma and CSL Biotherapies. These businesses manufacture and distribute biotherapeutic products. It operates in Australia, United States, Switzerland and Germany.

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