Intercell USA (formerly Iomai) is developing needle-free alternatives to boost your immune system using a transcutaneous method, which delivers vaccines to cells found on the outer layers of the skin. It has a handful of product candidates in development, all in patch form, aimed at preventing seasonal flu and travelers' diarrhea (caused by E. coli, for instance). One of its patches is being funded under a contract from the US Department of Health and Human Services to aid in the treatment of pandemic flu. In 2008 the company was acquired by Austria-based vaccine maker Intercell AG.

NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. company was founded in 1986 and is headquartered in Bedminster, New Jersey. NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the development of specialty therapeutics for gastrointestinal and endocrine disorders. The company is advancing two late-stage programs to restore or replace biological function, including GATTEX (teduglutide), which is in Phase 3 clinical development for parenteral dependent short bowel syndrome; and NPSP558 (parathyroid hormone 1-84 [rDNA origin] injection) that is in Phase 3 clinical development as a hormone therapy for hypoparathyroidism. It complements its internal programs with strategic partnerships with Amgen, GlaxoSmithKline, Kyowa Kirin, and Nycomed.

Momenta Pharmaceuticals was founded in 2001 and is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biotechnology company, specializes in the structural analysis of complex mixture drugs. The company applies its technology for the development of generic versions of complex drug products, as well as for the discovery and development of novel drugs. Its product candidates include M-Enoxaparin, a generic version of Lovenox that is used to prevent and treat deep vein thrombosis, and to support the treatment of acute coronary syndromes; M356, a technology-enabled generic version of Copaxone, which is used for the reduction of the frequency of relapses in patients with relapse-remitting multiple sclerosis; and M118, an anticoagulant. The company also involves in developing generic or biosimilar glycoprotein products. Momenta Pharmaceuticals has collaborations with Sandoz AG and Sandoz Inc. to develop and commercialize injectable enoxaparin. The company was formerly known as Mimeon, Inc. and changed its name to Momenta Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in September 2002.

DARA BioSciences, Inc. (DARA), formerly Point therapeutics, Inc. is a development stage pharmaceutical company that acquires therapeutic molecules and medical technologies from third parties, and advances their clinical development for later sale to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. DARA focuses on two drug development programs: KRN5500 for neuropathic pain in cancer patients and DB959 for type 2 diabetes. On February 12, 2008, Point and DARA BioSciences, Inc. completed their merger transaction, in which DP Acquisition Corp. (a wholly owned subsidiary of Point) merged with and into DARA BioSciences, Inc.

Pacific Biosciences, Inc. company was founded in 2004 and is based in Menlo Park, California. Pacific Biosciences, Inc. operates as a biotechnology company in North America. The company develops a transformative single-molecule (SMRT) DNA sequencing platform, which enables the observation of natural DNA synthesis by a DNA polymerase as it occurs; simplifies the resequencing of complex genomes; and the characterization of structural variation, including insertions, deletions, and rearrangements. Its products include SMRT chip, which enables the observation of individual fluorophores against a dense background of labeled nucleotides by maintaining a signal-to-noise ratio; and Phospholinked nucleotides that produce a natural DNA strand through DNA synthesis. Its product applications include de novo sequencing and resequencing. Pacific Biosciences, Inc. was formerly known as Nanofluidics, Inc.

Omnicare Clinical Research is a contract research organization (CRO) offering drug development services, from Phase I to Phase IV clinical trials, to drug and medical device companies worldwide. A unit of nursing home pharmacy operator Omnicare, the CRO has special expertise in the area of geriatrics research and takes advantage of its parent's access to geriatric patient populations and investigators. However, the unit also provides support in numerous other therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular, dermatology, metabolism, and infectious disease. Services include patient and investigator recruitment, drug packaging and distribution, clinical trials management, and medical writing.

GlaxoSmithKline plc company was founded in 1935 and is based in Brentford, the United Kingdom. GlaxoSmithKline plc, together with its subsidiaries, engages in the creation, discovery, development, manufacture, and marketing of pharmaceutical products, over the counter (OTC) medicines, and health related consumer products. The company offers prescription medicines to treat a range of conditions, such as infections, depression, skin conditions, asthma, heart and circulatory disease, and cancer. It also markets approximately 25 vaccines to prevent life-threatening or crippling illnesses, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, typhoid, influenza, and bacterial meningitis. In addition, the company offers OTC medicines, such as alli, a weight loss medicine; Panadol, a paracetamol/acetaminophen analgesic; smoking control products under the NicoDerm, NiQuitin CQ, Nicabate, and Nicorette names; and other brands, including Breathe Right nasal strips and Tums. Its oral healthcare products primarily comprise Aquafresh, a range of toothpastes, toothbrushes, and mouthwashes; Sensodyne, a range of toothpastes and toothbrushes, including Pronamel to protect from acid erosion; Biotene, a treatment for dry mouth; and Polident, PoliGrip, and Corega, which are denture care cleansers and adhesives. Further, the company provides nutritional healthcare products, such as Lucozade, a range of energy and sports drinks; Horlicks, a range of milk-based malted food and chocolate drinks; and Ribena, a blackcurrant juice-based drink. GlaxoSmithKline operates in Europe, North America, Central and South America, the Caribbean, Asia, Australia, the Middle East, Africa, and the Southeast Asia.

Boiron believes in nature's cures. The company makes homeopathic remedies to combat such maladies as colds, the flu, allergies, and anxiety. Founded in 1911, it is one of the oldest and largest such firms in Europe. It dominates its home market of France and also operates in Africa, Australia, North and South America, and the Middle East through about 20 subsidiaries. Along with homeopathic remedies, Boiron develops personal, animal care, and nutritional products for sale in some markets, including France (but not the US). One of the company's key products is Oscillococcinum six-dose homeopathic flu medicine. Used throughout the world, Oscillo is one of the largest homeopathic flu medicines in the US.

Vion Pharmaceuticals was founded in 1992 and is based in New Haven, Connecticut. On December 17, 2009, Vion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. filed a voluntary petition for reorganization under Chapter 11 in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware. Vion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a development-stage pharmaceutical company, develops and commercializes therapeutics for the treatment of cancer. It has two agents in clinical trials, Onrigin and Triapine. Onrigin, a novel alkylating agent that damages DNA to prevent cancer cells from reproducing, is in various clinical trials for the treatment of various indications, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), relapsed AML, de novo poor-risk, small cell lung cancer, brain tumors, myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hematologic malignancies, and solid tumors. Triapine is a small molecule in various clinical trials to prevent the replication of tumor cells by blocking a critical step in DNA synthesis. Vion company's other products and product candidates include MELASYN, a water-soluble, synthetic version of melanin for formulation of skin care products and cosmetics; and Nucleoside Analogs, known as elvucitabine, which is in Phase II clinical trials as an antiviral drug for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus.

DURECT Corporation was founded in 1998 and is based in Cupertino, California. DURECT Corporation, a specialty pharmaceutical company, focuses on the development of pharmaceutical products for pain, central nervous system, disorders, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic diseases based on its proprietary drug formulations and delivery platform technologies. The company's products include POSIDUR, a release formulation of bupivacaine under Phase IIb clinical trial, which is used for the treatment of post-surgical pain; and ELADUR, a transdermal bupivacaine patch under Phase IIb clinical trial that provides continuous delivery of bupivacaine for up to three days from a single application, as well as is used for the treatment of pain associated with post-herpetic neuralgia. DURECT Corporation also offers Remoxy, an oral oxycodone gelatin capsule under development with pain therapeutics; and TRANSDUR-Sufentanil, a proprietary transdermal sufentanil patch under development, which provides continuous delivery of sufentanil for a period of up to seven days from a single application. In addition, the company offers CHRONOGESIC (sufentanil), a pain therapy system; and ALZET, the miniature implantable osmotic pumps and accessories for experimental research in mice, rats, and other laboratory animals, as well as conducts research and development of pharmaceutical products in collaboration with third party pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. Further, it designs, develops, and manufactures various biodegradable polymers based on lactide, glycolide, and caprolactone under the LACTEL brand for pharmaceutical and medical device clients for use as raw materials in their products.

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