Galapagos has formed its own archipelago of drugs to treat bone and joint ailments and other diseases. The company uses its proprietary genomic drug-discovery technology to develop medicines to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. Galapagos' pharma services subsidiaryBioFocus DPI offers collaborative drug-discovery services to other pharmaceutical companies. Its drug discovery division works with partners to find, test, and market new drugs. The company's pharmaceutical collaborators include top drugmakers GlaxoSmithKline, Eli Lilly, Merck, and Janssen Pharmaceutica, part of Johnson & Johnson. Galapagos has about 40 projects in its R&D pipeline, most of them through these partnerships.

Cangene Corporation company makes plasma products known as hyperimmunes, which are antibody preparations and recombinant biopharmaceuticals made by introducing a gene in a host organism. Cangene's drugs are used to treat plasma-derived disorders, including the blood clotting disorder thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic disease of the newborn, which occurs when a fetus' blood type is incompatible with its mother's. Cangene has several approved products and is developing others, mainly in the areas of infectious disease and biodefense. Generic giant Apotex owns more than 80% of Cangene.

Celgene Signal Research (also known as Celgene Research San Diego) wouldn't want it any other way. This Celgene division works to identify potential drug candidates with a focus on regulating genes and the production of disease-causing proteins. Much of its work has been to identify and map certain kinase and ligase proteins, which future Celgene drugs are then designed to inhibit. Celgene Signal Research's drug discovery programs target inflammatory diseases, as well as cancers such as leukemia.

Pharmasset, Inc. was founded in 1998 and is based in Princeton, New Jersey. Pharmasset, Inc., a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company, focuses on discovering, developing, and commercializing novel drugs to treat viral infections. Its primary focus is on the development of nucleoside/tide analogs as oral therapeutics for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; and Racivir for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The company has three product candidates under development, which include RG7128, a HCV nucleoside polymerase inhibitor that is in Phase IIb clinical trial; PSI-7851, a HCV nucleotide polymerase inhibitor that completed Phase I clinical trial; and Racivir, which completed Phase II clinical trial, for the treatment of HIV. It has strategic collaboration agreement with F. Hoffmann-LaRoche Ltd. and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. for the development of PSI-6130 and its products, including RG7128. The company also has collaboration and licensing agreements with University of Cincinnati; Apath, LLC; Emory University; Bukwang Pharm. Co., Ltd; University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. and Yale University; and Boehringer Ingelheim Chemicals, Inc.

Innovative work in genetic testing is apparently spelled Innogenetics in any language. The biopharmaceutical company creates genetic, infectious disease, cancer, and neurological tests. Innogenetics' products include tests and genotyping profiles to identify conditions such as cystic fibrosis, HIV, hepatitis C and B, Alzheimer's disease, and human papillomavirus (HPV). In addition to testing, the company provides biological manufacturing services (producing virus strains and proteins) for pharmaceutical firms and research labs. The firm's products are sold through subsidiaries and distributors in about 90 countries. Belgium's Solvay took over control of Innogenetics in 2008.

Callisto Pharmaceuticals, Inc. was founded in 1996 and is headquartered in New York, New York. Callisto Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a development stage biopharmaceutical company, focuses primarily on the development of drugs to treat gastrointestinal disorders and diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, neuroendocrine cancer, and acute leukemia. The company has three drugs in development, which include SP-304, a guanylyl cyclase C receptor agonist for the treatment of chronic constipation and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, which has completed Phase I clinical trial; Atiprimod, an orally administered drug with antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic activities, which is in Phase II development for advanced carcinoid cancer; and L-Annamycin, a novel compound from the anthracycline family of proven anti-cancer drugs for the treatment of leukemia. It also focuses on the development of Atiprimod for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The company has license agreements with AnorMED Inc. to research, develop, sell, and commercialize the Atiprimod patent rights; and the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center to develop and commercialize the L-Annamycin patent rights.

CEDRA is a contract research organization, deep in the heart of Texas. CEDRA conducts phase I-IV clinical drug trials at its facilities in Austin and San Antonio, including general pharmacodynamics (what a drug does to a live human body) and pharmacokinetics (what a live human body does to a drug). The company also performs bioequivalency studies for generic pharmaceutical makers. It has experience in testing drugs ranging from allergy medicines to pain management and Parkinson's drugs. Its research customers include pharmaceutical and biotechnology drug makers, as well as the federal government. CEDRA is a division of Worldwide Clinical Trials.

Nature's Way Holding Company manufactures and markets nutritional supplements and other OTC products which are sold with the Enzymatic Therapy, Nature's Way, and Remifemin labels through natural foods retailers and mass market retailers in the US. Its products are aimed to alleviate everything from sleeplessness to hot flashes and are distributed throughout the US and to more than 40 other countries. Its Integrative Therapeutics and Vitaline brands are sold through healthcare practitioners' offices. The company is a unit of German firm Dr. Willmar Schwabe Pharmaceuticals.

Avalon Pharmaceuticals doesn't mind if genes express themselves -- but they should know that anything they express can and will be used against them if they lead to cancer. The biopharmaceutical firm develops cancer therapeutics based on its AvalonRx platform, which identifies compounds that would be best suited to advance in clinical drug development. Lead product AVN944, an inhibitor of hematologic (leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma) and solid tumor cancers, is an oral drug now in clinical trials. Avalon also has preclinical programs to develop inhibitors through partnerships with other drug companies. The company was acquired by Clinical Data in 2009.

Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., formerly KYOWA HAKKO KOGYO CO., LTD., is a Japan-based manufacturer that has five business segments. The Medical Product segment is engaged in the manufacture, sale and promotion of medical products for hospital use, as well as the provision of technologies for antibody drug creation, the development of candidate substances for new drugs and the supply of clinical test reagents. The Biochemical segment offers medical and industrial materials, mainly amino and nucleic acids, as well as healthcare items and products for agriculture and fishery uses. It also designs and constructs facilities. The Chemical Product segment provides solvents, plasticizers, materials for plasticizers and functional products, among others. Its Food segment supplies seasonings, materials for confectionery and bread making, processed food products and others. The Others segment is involved in the wholesale and distribution businesses, as well as the provision of industrial alcohol.

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